Low-phenylalanine diet, the mainstay of treatment for phenylketonuria (PKU), has been shown to increase glycemic index and glycemic load, affecting the availability of substrates for microbial fermentation. Indeed, changes in the PKU gut microbiota compared with healthy controls have been previously...

The difference in gut microbiota composition between individuals following vegan or vegetarian diets and those following omnivorous diets is well documented. A plant-based diet appears to be beneficial for human health by promoting the development of more diverse and stable microbial systems. Additi...

Creatine is pivotal in energy metabolism of muscle and brain cells, both in physiological and in pathological conditions. Additionally, creatine facilitates the differentiation of muscle and neuronal cells. Evidence of effectiveness of creatine supplementation in improving several clinical condition...

The fate of the green plant pigment chlorophyll (Chl) in de-greening leaves has long been a fascinating biological puzzle. In the course of the last three decades, various bilin-type products of Chl breakdown have been identified, named phyllobilins (PBs). Considered 'mere' leftovers of a controlled...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate associations between a vegetarian diet and depression among South Asians in the United States. DESIGN: Data from 892 South Asians (age range 40-83 y, 47% women) enrolled in the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study were included. A ve...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The association between plant-based diets, incident CKD, and kidney function decline has not been examined in the general population. We prospectively investigated this relationship in a population-based study, and evaluated if risk varied by different types of plant-based...

OBJECTIVE: A plant-based diet has been associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular (CV) diseases. This study aimed to determine the levels and correlations of CV-related biomarkers and the beneficial role of dietary habits. METHODS: A total of 63 healthy vegetarians (n = 32) and omnivores (n = ...

OBJECTIVES: An ideal diet to prevent cardiovascular diseases contains an unlimited intake of various plant foods and a reduced intake of animal and highly processed foods. Researchers have reported that nutrition education programs that prioritize whole-plant foods effectively contribute to the prev...

BACKGROUND: Dietary patterns and associations with incident heart failure (HF) are not well established in the United States. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine associations of 5 dietary patterns with incident HF hospitalizations among U.S. adults. METHODS: The REGARDS (REasons f...

Abstract summary

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We review the growing clinical evidence that metabolic acidosis mediates chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression and that treatment to increase the associated low serum bicarbonate (HCO3) in CKD is disease-modifying. RECENT FINDINGS: Seven prospective studies of patients with wid...

Dietary patterns with substantial proportions of energy from plant sources have been associated with favorable biomarkers of low-grade inflammation. Less is known of the relation between vegetarian-based dietary patterns and markers of inflammation and immune status. This systematic review and meta-...